 pictures from www.heptune.com/art.html |
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| Language: | Akkadian |
| Medium: | clay tablet |
| Length: | lines of writing |
| Genre: | Letter |
| Sender: | |
| Recipient: | |
| Date: | 14th cent. BCE |
| Place of Discovery: | Tel el-Amarna, Egypt (ancient Akhetaten) |
| Date of Discovery: | 1887 |
| Discoverer: | peasant woman |
| Current Location: | Vorderasiatische Museum (Berlin, Germany) |
| Inventory Number: | B |
| Tablet Number: | EA Knudtzon 1907–1915 |
(from Mercer 1939) |
(adapted from Mercer 1939:BR> Rogers 1912; Albright 1969:; and Moran 1992:) | |
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| NOTES . . . . . | ||
| DISCUSSION QUESTIONS |
1. 2. 3. Who are the 'Apiru (see Astour 1976, Gottwald 1979:401-26, Greenberg 1955, Lemche 1992, and Moran, 1967? What role do they play here? 4. 5. |
| SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY |
|
Albright, W. F. "Akkadian Letters." In Ancient Near Eastern Text Relating
to the Old Testament, 482-90. 3rd ed. Ed. J. A. Pritchard. Princeton:
Princeton Univ. Press, 1969. Astour, Michael C. "Habiru." In Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, Supplementary Volume, 382-85. Ed. K. Crim. Nashville: Abingdon, 1976. Campbell, Edward A. "The Amarna Letters and the Amarna Period." In Biblical Archaeologist Reader vol. 3, 54-75. New York: Doubleday, 1970. Chaney, Marvin L. "Ancient Palestinian Peasant Movements and the Formation of Premonarchic Israel." In Palestine in Transition: The Emergence of Ancient Israel, 39-90. Ed. D. N. Freedman and D. F. Graf. Social World of Biblical Antiquity Series 2. Sheffield: Almond, 1983. Gottwald, Norman K. The Tribes of Yahweh: A Sociology of the Religion of Liberated Israel 1250-1050 B.C.E. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis, 1979. Greenberg, Moshe. Hab/piru. American Oriental Series 39. New Haven, Conn.: American Oriental Society, 1955. Knudtzon, J. A. Die El-Amarna-Tafeln. Vorderasiatische Bibliotek, vol. 2. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1907–1915 (repr. Aalen: O. Zeller, 1964). Lemche, Niels Peter. "Habiru / Hapiru." In Anchor Bible Dictionary 3:6-10. Ed. D. N. Freedman. New York: Doubleday, 1992. Mercer, Samuel A. B. The Tell El-Amarna Tablets. 2 vols. Toronto: Macmillan, 1939. Moran, Willam L. The Amarna Letters. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1992. Moran, William L. "Habiru (Habiri)." In The New Catholic Encyclopedia 6:878b-80b. Washington, D.C.: Catholic Univ. Press, 1967. Na'aman, Nadav. "Amarna Letters." In Anchor Bible Dictionary 1:174-81. Ed. D. N. Freedman. New York: Doubleday, 1992. Na'aman, Nadav. "Habiru and Hebrews: The Transfer of a Social Term to the Literary Sphere." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 45 (1986) 271ff. Oppenheim, A. Leo. Letters from Mesopotamia. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1967. Winckler, Hugo. The Tell-el-Amarna Letters. Trans. J. Metcalf. New York and London: Lemcke & Buechner, 1896. |
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